One of the questions that hobbyists ask over and over is how to select the value of a current limiting resistor for an LED. Usually the seat of the pants response is: “Subtract 2 V from the supply ...

A solar day lamp is a simple, inexpensive device for bringing “daylight” to dark interior spaces whenever the sun is shining. This article provides complete instructions for designing lamps using both ...

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics. LED-based lighting is replacing incandescent and gas-discharge lamps in many situations. As practical lighting sources, and considering ...