In her book It’s Not You, It’s What Happened to You, my friend and colleague Dr. Christine Courtois writes, “Trauma is any event or experience (including witnessing) that is physically and/or ...

Past trauma casts long shadows over present relationships, creating invisible barriers to intimacy and connection that both partners often struggle to understand. When traumatic experiences remain ...

The difference between someone’s personality and their trauma coping and survival strategies is often misunderstood, leading to increasingly pernicious misjudgments about individuals’ character, ...