To comply with new laws on reducing energy usage, fluorescent and HID lighting systems — both examples of arc discharge lamps — have become more complex and varied in their performance. To understand ...

HPS, or high-pressure sodium, bulbs are one of the most popular HID (high-intensity discharge) lamps in use today. Heavier in the orange-to-red wavelengths, HPS bulbs provide excellent spectrum for ...

Electronic HID (high intensity discharge lamp) ballasts: how they work, how to control them, and develop an electronic ballast solution for outdoor lighting applications. Hbrightness metal halide ...

For nearly 40 years, indoor horticultural lighting has changed very little: We’ve continued to use the same high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps with high-pressure sodium (HPS) or metal-halide (MH) ...

An X-ray technique developed by physicists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) sheds more light on temperature distribution in high-intensity gas-discharge (HID) lamps. In the ...