One of the questions that hobbyists ask over and over is how to select the value of a current limiting resistor for an LED. Usually the seat of the pants response is: “Subtract 2 V from the supply ...

Most engineers have been challenged by the trend toward miniaturization and demands for reduced power consumption of virtually all electronic designs. As the pressure to fit as much functionality, and ...

144 LEDs total. Three sets of 48 in series connected in parallel. My problem is I don't know what value to use for R1. I'm thinking 600 ohm, but I really don't know how to calculate this. I'm making ...

In my previous column, we covered quite a lot of ground, starting with the first vacuum tube diodes, moving to their solid-state (semiconductor) descendants, and progressing to their light-emitting ...

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics. LED-based lighting is replacing incandescent and gas-discharge lamps in many situations. As practical lighting sources, and considering ...